The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor.
Volume of CVEs assigned to CWE-441 and their average CVSS base score over time.
Top CVEs that have been assigned this CWE. A single CVE can have multiple CWE assignments, though many have just one.
105 CVEs · Highest risk first
| CVE | Published | CVSS | Risk | KEV | Exploit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2019-3924HIGH MikroTik RouterOS before 6.43.12 (stable) and 6.42.12 (long-term) is vulnerable to an intermediary vulnerability. The software will execute user defined network requests to both WA | Feb 20, 2019 | 7.5 | 44 | NO | YES |
CVE-2026-42043CRITICAL Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1, an attacker who can influence the target URL of an Axios request can use any address i | Apr 24, 2026 | 10.0 | 43 | NO | NO |
CVE-2025-47269HIGH code-server runs VS Code on any machine anywhere through browser access. Prior to version 4.99.4, a maliciously crafted URL using the proxy subpath can result in the attacker gaini | May 9, 2025 | 8.3 | 43 | NO | NO |
CVE-2026-53513CRITICAL Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, the @better-auth/sso plugin's POST /sso/register and POST /sso/update-provider endpoints | Jul 15, 2026 | 9.6 | 41 | NO | NO |
CVE-2025-62718CRITICAL Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.0 and 0.31.0, Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking NO_PROXY rules. R | Apr 9, 2026 | 9.9 | 41 | NO | NO |
CVE-2026-15183CRITICAL Multiple input validation vulnerabilities in the Snowflake Spark Connector (spark-snowflake) versions prior to 3.2.1 can allow attackers to exfiltrate OAuth client credentials, exe | Jul 14, 2026 | 9.2 | 39 | NO | NO |
CVE-2026-16158HIGH Impact: @fastify/reply-from versions from 8.3.1 up to but not including 12.6.4 build the internal URL cache key by concatenating the destination and source path without a delimiter | Jul 18, 2026 | 8.7 | 38 | NO | NO |
CVE-2026-44494HIGH Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. From 1.0.0 to before 1.16.0, the Axios library is vulnerable to a Prototype Pollution "Gadget" attack that allows | Jun 11, 2026 | 8.7 | 38 | NO | NO |
CVE-2026-56675HIGH 9Router is an AI router & token saver. Prior to 0.5.2, 9router treats loopback requests as trusted and allows /v1/* access without an API key, so a same-host reverse proxy that for | Jul 10, 2026 | 8.3 | 37 | NO | NO |
CVE-2020-5412MEDIUM Spring Cloud Netflix, versions 2.2.x prior to 2.2.4, versions 2.1.x prior to 2.1.6, and older unsupported versions allow applications to use the Hystrix Dashboard proxy.stream endp | Aug 7, 2020 | 6.5 | 37 | NO | YES |
Exploit activity across CVEs assigned to this CWE, including CVEs that carry other CWE assignments.
Social posts that mention CVE IDs assigned to this CWE. This is assigned-CVE activity, not mentions of the CWE label itself.
Media articles that mention CVE IDs assigned to this CWE. This is assigned-CVE coverage, not mentions of the CWE label itself.