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CVE-2026-1035

18
FAUCET Score

CVE-2026-1035 is a flaw in the Keycloak server's refresh token processing, specifically within the TokenManager class, that undermines strict refresh token rotation. When this hardening is enabled, concurrent refresh requests can bypass single-use enforcement due to non-atomic validation and updates, allowing multiple access tokens to be issued from a single refresh token. This vulnerability has a low CVSS score of 3.1, indicating a low impact of partial integrity loss with high attack complexity and requiring low privileges. There is no evidence of active exploitation, no known exploit code available, and it is not listed in the KEV catalog, though it has garnered significant community discussion.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
Red HatRed Hat Build Of Keycloak 26.4
Range not provided by sourceCNA affecteddefault affected

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

3.1LOW

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
HIGH
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
NONE
Integrity Impact
LOW
Availability Impact
NONE
Exploitability Score
1.6
Impact Score
1.4
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
0.28%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
20.4%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0028 is in the 8th percentile among its peer group of 1,638 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.0 Reddit, 0.0 Bluesky, 0.0 Mastodon, and 0.1 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Vendor Patches (1)

redhatno patchvia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Build of KeycloakFixed in: rhbk/keycloak-rhel9

Vendor Advisories (2)

mavenGHSA-m2w5-7xhv-w6fhlow

Keycloak does not validate and update refresh token usage atomically

Jan 21, 2026
redhatCVE-2026-1035Low

org.keycloak.protocol.oidc: Keycloak Refresh Token Reuse Bypass via TOCTOU Race Condition

Jan 21, 2026

References

access.redhat.com / errata/RHSA-2026:6477
access.redhat.com / errata/RHSA-2026:6478
access.redhat.com / security/cve/CVE-2026-1035
bugzilla.redhat.com / show_bug.cgi