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CVE-2023-4015

21
FAUCET Score

CVE-2023-4015 is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component, affecting various Debian and Linux kernel versions. This flaw allows a local attacker to achieve privilege escalation by exploiting an error during nftables rule building, where deactivating immediate expressions can lead to the unbinding of chains and subsequent use of deactivated objects. With a CVSS score of 7.8 (HIGH), the vulnerability has low attack complexity and requires local privileges, but can result in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Currently, there is no known active exploitation, public exploit code (Metasploit, Nuclei, ExploitDB), or significant community discussion or media coverage surrounding this CVE.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
>= 6.4, < 6.5CPE match
cpe:2.3:a:linux:kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
>= 5.9, < 5.10.190CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
>= 5.11, < 5.15.124CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
>= 5.16, < 6.1.43CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
>= 6.2, < 6.4.8CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

7.8HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
LOCAL
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
1.8
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
0.29%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
20.7%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0029 is in the 57th percentile among its peer group of 17,070 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.2 Bluesky, 0.1 Mastodon, and 0.2 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.3 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (6)

microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: 18282-16823Fixed in: 5.15.131.1-2
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: cbl2 kernel 5.15.131.1-2 on CBL Mariner 2.0Fixed in: 5.15.131.1-2
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Fixed in: kernel-0:5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-0:5.14.0-284.48.1.el9_2
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.48.1.rt14.333.el9_2
View patch
redhatno patchvia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Fixed in: kernel-rt

Vendor Advisories (2)

microsoft2023-Sep/CVE-2023-4015Important

Use-after-free in Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component

Sep 12, 2023
redhatCVE-2023-4015Moderate

kernel: use after free in nft_immediate_deactivate

Sep 6, 2023

References

git.kernel.org / pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit
Issue TrackingMailing ListPatchVendor Advisory
kernel.dance / 0a771f7b266b02d262900c75f1e175c7fe76fec2
PatchVendor Advisory
debian.org / security/2023/dsa-5492
Third Party Advisory