CVE-2016-4451

20

FAUCET Score

CVE-2016-4451 describes a medium-severity vulnerability in Foreman versions prior to 1.11.3 and 1.12.0-RC1. This flaw allows remote authenticated users with specific permissions to bypass organization and location restrictions, enabling them to read or modify data in arbitrary organizations by knowing their IDs. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 5.0, indicating a network-based attack with high attack complexity and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. There is no evidence of active exploitation, public exploit code (Metasploit, Nuclei, ExploitDB), or significant community discussion or media coverage surrounding this CVE.

Impacted Technologies

Vendor	Product	Version(s)	CPE
		<= 1.11.2CPE matchmatch criteria	cpe:2.3:a:theforeman:foreman::::::::
		1.12.0CPE matchmatch criteria	cpe:2.3:a:theforeman:foreman:1.12.0:::::::*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.0

5.0MEDIUM

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector

NETWORK

Attack Complexity

HIGH

Privileges Required

LOW

User Interaction

NONE

Scope

UNCHANGED

Confidentiality Impact

LOW

Integrity Impact

LOW

Availability Impact

LOW

Exploitability Score

1.6

Impact Score

3.4

CvssVersion

3.0

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score

0.93%

Probability of exploitation in next 30 days

EPSS Percentile

57.1%

Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group

As of 2026-07-25

Model: v2026.06.15

This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0093 is in the 48th percentile among its peer group of 1,424 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.0 Reddit, 0.1 Bluesky, 0.0 Mastodon, and 0.1 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.1 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (69)

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: candlepin-0:2.1.14-1.el7

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-0:1.15.6.34-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-bootloaders-redhat-0:201801241201-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-discovery-image-0:3.4.4-1

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-installer-1:1.15.6.8-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-proxy-0:1.15.6.4-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: foreman-selinux-0:1.15.6.2-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: hiera-0:1.3.1-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: katello-0:3.4.5-15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: katello-certs-tools-0:2.4.0-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: katello-client-bootstrap-0:1.5.1-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: katello-installer-base-0:3.4.5.26-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: katello-selinux-0:3.0.2-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: kobo-0:0.5.1-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-0:2.13.4.6-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-docker-0:2.4.1-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-katello-0:1.0.2-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-ostree-0:1.2.1.1-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-puppet-0:2.13.4-3.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: pulp-rpm-0:2.13.4.8-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: puppet-foreman_scap_client-0:0.3.16-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: python-zope-interface-0:4.0.5-4.el7

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: redhat-access-insights-puppet-0:0.0.9-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-foreman_scap_client-0:0.3.0-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-kafo-0:2.0.2-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-kafo_parsers-0:0.1.6-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-kafo_wizards-0:0.0.1-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_dhcp_remote_isc-0:0.0.2.1-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_discovery-0:1.0.4-3.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_discovery_image-0:1.0.9-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_dynflow-0:0.1.10-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_openscap-0:0.6.9-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_pulp-0:1.3.0-1.git.0.b5c2768.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-smart_proxy_remote_execution_ssh-0:0.1.6-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: rubygem-tilt-0:1.3.7-2.git.0.3b416c9.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: satellite-0:6.3.0-23.0.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: satellite-installer-0:6.3.0.12-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-bastion-0:5.1.1.4-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_bootdisk-0:10.0.2.2-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_discovery-0:9.1.5.3-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_docker-0:3.1.0.3-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_hooks-0:0.3.14-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_openscap-0:0.7.11-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman-redhat_access-0:2.0.13-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_remote_execution-0:1.3.7.2-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_remote_execution_core-0:1.0.6-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman-tasks-0:0.9.6.4-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman-tasks-core-0:0.1.8-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_templates-0:5.0.1-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_theme_satellite-0:1.0.4.16-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-foreman_virt_who_configure-0:0.1.9-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli-0:0.11.0.1-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_csv-0:2.3.0-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman-0:0.11.0.5-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_admin-0:0.0.8-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_bootdisk-0:0.1.3.3-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_discovery-0:1.0.0-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_docker-0:0.0.6-2.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_openscap-0:0.1.5-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_remote_execution-0:0.0.6-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_tasks-0:0.0.12-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_foreman_virt_who_configure-0:0.0.3-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-hammer_cli_katello-0:0.11.3.5-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-katello-0:3.4.5.58-1.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-ovirt_provision_plugin-0:1.0.2-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Satellite 6.3 for RHEL 7Fixed in: tfm-rubygem-smart_proxy_dynflow_core-0:0.1.10-1.fm1_15.el7sat

redhatend of lifevia redhat_api

Product: OpenStack ForemanFixed in: foreman

redhatend of lifevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Ceph Storage 1.3Fixed in: foreman

redhatend of lifevia redhat_api

Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux OpenStack Platform 6 (Juno) InstallerFixed in: foreman

Vendor Advisories (1)

redhatCVE-2016-4451Moderate

foreman: privilege escalation through Organization and Locations API

References

projects.theforeman.org / issues/15182

Vendor Advisory

projects.theforeman.org / projects/foreman/repository/revisions/1144040f444b4bf4aae81940a150b26b23b4623c

PatchVendor Advisory

access.redhat.com / errata/RHSA-2018:0336

theforeman.org / security.html

Vendor Advisory