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CVE-2016-4430

28
FAUCET Score

CVE-2016-4430 describes a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Apache Struts 2 versions 2.3.20 through 2.3.28.1, stemming from improper token validation. This high-severity flaw, with a CVSS score of 8.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary actions on behalf of authenticated users, potentially leading to high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Despite its severity, there is no evidence of active exploitation, public exploit code (Metasploit, Nuclei, ExploitDB), or significant community discussion or media coverage.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
2.3.20CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.20.1CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.20.3CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.24CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.24.1CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.24.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.0

8.8HIGH

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
REQUIRED
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
2.8
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.0

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
3.67%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
88.5%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0367 is in the 87th percentile among its peer group of 14,852 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.2 Bluesky, 0.1 Mastodon, and 0.2 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.3 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.1 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (1)

mavenpatch availablevia ghsa
Product: org.apache.struts.xwork:xwork-coreFixed in: 2.3.29

Vendor Advisories (2)

mavenGHSA-38qw-j787-v8c2high

Apache Struts CSRF Vulnerability

May 17, 2022
redhatCVE-2016-4430Moderate

struts: Bypassing token validation triggered by malicious expression

Jun 17, 2016

References

jvndb.jvn.jp / jvndb/JVNDB-2016-000111
VDB EntryVendor Advisory
jvn.jp / en/jp/JVN45093481/index.html
Vendor Advisory
bugzilla.redhat.com / show_bug.cgi
Issue Tracking
struts.apache.org / docs/s2-038.html
Vendor Advisory
www-01.ibm.com / support/docview.wss
Third Party Advisory
www-01.ibm.com / support/docview.wss
Third Party Advisory
oracle.com / technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html
securityfocus.com / bid/91281