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CVE-2023-45303

24
FAUCET Score

CVE-2023-45303 is a Server-Side Template Injection vulnerability affecting ThingsBoard versions prior to 3.5. It allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code by modifying email templates, leveraging Apache FreeMarker's freemarker.template.utility.Execute functionality via the /api/admin/settings endpoint. With a CVSS score of 8.8 (High), this vulnerability presents a significant risk, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While no public exploits or active exploitation have been observed, and community discussion is minimal, the potential impact remains severe.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
< 3.5CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:thingsboard:thingsboard:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

8.4HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
HIGH
User Interaction
REQUIRED
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
1.7
Impact Score
6.0
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
0.86%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
54.7%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0086 is in the 49th percentile among its peer group of 17,829 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.0 Reddit, 0.3 Bluesky, 0.1 Mastodon, and 0.2 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.1 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (1)

mavenpatch availablevia ghsa
Product: org.thingsboard:thingsboardFixed in: 3.5

Vendor Advisories (1)

mavenGHSA-6pgr-j9v4-xfvvhigh

ThingsBoard Server-Side Template Injection

Oct 6, 2023

References

freemarker.apache.org / docs/api/freemarker/template/utility/Execute.html
Exploit
herolab.usd.de / security-advisories/usd-2023-0010
Exploit