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CVE-2023-25194

90
FAUCET Score

CVE-2023-25194 is a critical vulnerability in Apache Kafka Connect API, allowing authenticated operators to achieve remote code execution (RCE) by manipulating connector configurations. An attacker can leverage specific Kafka client SASL JAAS configuration properties to trigger JNDI injection, leading to deserialization of untrusted data and RCE if vulnerable gadget chains are present. This vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 8.8 (High) due to its network-based attack vector, low complexity, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog, its high EPSS score (0.94055) and the existence of Metasploit modules and Nuclei templates indicate a high likelihood of exploitation, despite limited community discussion or media coverage.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
>= 2.3.0, <= 3.3.2CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:kafka_connect:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

8.8HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
2.8
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
95.81%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
99.9%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
Metasploit: Apache Druid JNDI Injection RCE · Feb 7, 2023
Nuclei: CVE-2023-25194 · Apr 24, 2023
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.9581 is in the 100th percentile among its peer group of 17,829 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.0 Reddit, 0.3 Bluesky, 0.1 Mastodon, and 0.2 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.1 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (4)

mavenpatch availablevia ghsa
Product: org.apache.kafka:connectFixed in: 3.4.0
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.2.1
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.4.0
View patch
redhatno patchvia redhat_api
Product: streams for Apache KafkaFixed in: kafka-connect

Vendor Advisories (2)

mavenGHSA-26f8-x7cc-wqpchigh

Apache Kafka Connect vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data

Feb 7, 2023
redhatCVE-2023-25194Important

kafka: RCE/DoS via SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration in Kafka Connect

Feb 7, 2023

References

packetstormsecurity.com / files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html
Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
kafka.apache.org / cve-list
MitigationVendor Advisory
lists.apache.org / thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz
Mailing ListMitigation