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CVE-2023-1998

29
FAUCET Score

CVE-2023-1998 is a medium-severity vulnerability in the Linux kernel, affecting Debian and other Linux distributions. It allows userspace processes to bypass Spectre-BTI mitigations, specifically when legacy IBRS is enabled, leaving them vulnerable to cross-thread branch target injection. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 5.6 (MEDIUM) due to its local attack vector and high confidentiality impact, though it requires high attack complexity and low privileges. While not actively exploited in the wild, an exploit is publicly available on ExploitDB, and there is minimal community discussion or media coverage surrounding this CVE.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
< 6.3CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
10.0CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
>= 0, < 6.3CPE match
cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

5.6MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector
LOCAL
Attack Complexity
HIGH
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
NONE
Availability Impact
NONE
Exploitability Score
1.1
Impact Score
4.0
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
1.38%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
69.2%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-26
Model: v2026.06.15
ExploitDB: EDB-51384 · Apr 20, 2023
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0138 is in the 93rd percentile among its peer group of 1,297 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.1 Bluesky, 0.0 Mastodon, and 0.1 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.4 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (26)

github_advisorypatch availablevia nvd_reference
View patch
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: cbl2 kernel 5.15.111.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0Fixed in: 5.15.111.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: cbl2 hyperv-daemons 5.15.118.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0Fixed in: 5.15.118.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: cm1 kernel 5.10.179.1-1 on CBL Mariner 1.0Fixed in: 5.10.179.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: cm1 hyperv-daemons 5.10.189.1-1 on CBL Mariner 1.0Fixed in: 5.10.189.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: 17835-16823Fixed in: 5.15.118.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 1.0 x64Fixed in: 5.10.189.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 1.0 x64Fixed in: 5.10.179.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 1.0 ARMFixed in: 5.10.189.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 1.0 ARMFixed in: 5.10.179.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 2.0 x64Fixed in: 5.15.118.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 2.0 x64Fixed in: 5.15.111.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 2.0 ARMFixed in: 5.15.118.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: CBL Mariner 2.0 ARMFixed in: 5.15.111.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: 17893-16820Fixed in: 5.10.179.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: 17894-16820Fixed in: 5.10.189.1-1
microsoftpatch availablevia msrc
Product: 17889-16823Fixed in: 5.15.111.1-1
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Fixed in: kernel-rt-0:4.18.0-513.5.1.rt7.307.el8_9
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Fixed in: kernel-0:4.18.0-513.5.1.el8_9
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-0:4.18.0-372.87.1.el8_6
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-0:4.18.0-477.58.1.el8_8
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Fixed in: kernel-0:5.14.0-284.25.1.el9_2
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Fixed in: kernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.25.1.rt14.310.el9_2
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-0:5.14.0-70.75.1.el9_0
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update SupportFixed in: kernel-rt-0:5.14.0-70.75.1.rt21.146.el9_0
View patch
redhatpatch availablevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Fixed in: kernel-0:4.18.0-372.87.1.el8_6
View patch

Vendor Advisories (3)

microsoft2023-May/CVE-2023-1998

CVE-2023-1998

May 9, 2023
redhatCVE-2023-1998Moderate

kernel: Spectre v2 SMT mitigations problem

Apr 12, 2023
microsoft2023-Apr/CVE-2023-1998Moderate

Spectre v2 SMT mitigations problem in Linux kernel

Apr 11, 2023

References

github.com / google/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-mj4w-6495-6crx
ExploitThird Party Advisory
github.com / torvalds/linux/commit/6921ed9049bc7457f66c1596c5b78aec0dae4a9d
Patch
kernel.dance
Not Applicable
lists.debian.org / debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00005.html
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
lists.debian.org / debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00006.html
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory