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CVE-2019-0230

94
FAUCET Score

CVE-2019-0230 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting Apache Struts versions 2.0.0 to 2.5.20, as well as several Oracle products integrating Struts. This flaw stems from forced double OGNL evaluation when raw user input is processed in tag attributes. With a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical), this vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code with low attack complexity, leading to complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While not listed on CISA's KEV catalog, exploit intelligence indicates readily available public exploits, including Metasploit modules and Nuclei templates, and it has garnered significant community discussion and media coverage.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
>= 2.0.0, <= 2.5.20CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
12.5.0CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_policy_management:12.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
8.0.3CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:financial_services_data_integration_hub:8.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
8.0.6CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:financial_services_data_integration_hub:8.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
8.0.6CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:financial_services_market_risk_measurement_and_management:8.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

9.8CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
3.9
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
97.11%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
99.9%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
Metasploit: Apache Struts 2 Forced Multi OGNL Evaluation · Sep 14, 2020
Nuclei: CVE-2019-0230 · Mar 18, 2021
ExploitDB: EDB-49068 · Nov 17, 2020
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.9711 is in the 99th percentile among its peer group of 36,835 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.3 Bluesky, 0.3 Mastodon, and 2.4 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.3 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (2)

mavenpatch availablevia ghsa
Product: org.apache.struts:struts2-coreFixed in: 2.5.22
oraclepatch availablevia nvd_reference
View patch

Vendor Advisories (2)

mavenGHSA-wp4h-pvgw-5727critical

Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes in Apache Struts

Dec 2, 2021
redhatCVE-2019-0230Important

struts2: possible RCE due to forced double OGNL evaluation when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes

Aug 13, 2020

References

packetstormsecurity.com / files/160108/Apache-Struts-2.5.20-Double-OGNL-Evaluation.html
ExploitThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
packetstormsecurity.com / files/160721/Apache-Struts-2-Forced-Multi-OGNL-Evaluation.html
ExploitThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
cwiki.apache.org / confluence/display/ww/s2-059
Vendor Advisory
launchpad.support.sap.com
Permissions Required
lists.apache.org / thread.html/r1125f3044a0946d1e7e6f125a6170b58d413ebd4a95157e4608041c7%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org / thread.html/r90890afea72a9571d666820b2fe5942a0a5f86be406fa31da3dd0922%40%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
oracle.com / security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html
PatchThird Party Advisory
oracle.com / security-alerts/cpujan2021.html
PatchThird Party Advisory
oracle.com / security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html
PatchThird Party Advisory