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CVE-2017-9791

99
FAUCET Score

CVE-2017-9791 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability affecting Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x when using the Struts 1 plugin. Attackers can exploit this by passing a malicious field value in a raw message to ActionMessage. With a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical), this vulnerability is easily exploitable over the network with low attack complexity, leading to complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. It is actively exploited in the wild, with public exploit code available in Metasploit and ExploitDB, and has garnered significant community discussion and media attention.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
2.3.1CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.1.1CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.1.2CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.3CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
2.3.4CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.1

9.8CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
3.9
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.1

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
98.82%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
99.9%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-27
Model: v2026.06.15
Added to KEV · Feb 10, 2022
Metasploit: Apache Struts 2 Struts 1 Plugin Showcase OGNL Code Execution · Jul 7, 2017
Nuclei: CVE-2017-9791 · Feb 21, 2021
ExploitDB: EDB-44643 · May 17, 2018
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.9882 is in the 100th percentile among its peer group of 36,862 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.3 Bluesky, 0.3 Mastodon, and 2.4 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.3 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (1)

oraclepatch availablevia nvd_reference
View patch

Vendor Advisories (2)

mavenGHSA-29rm-6752-gvwvcritical

Code execution in Apache Struts 1 plugin

May 13, 2022
redhatCVE-2017-9791Important

struts2: Possible RCE via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage

Jul 7, 2017

References

cisa.gov / known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
US Government Resource
security.netapp.com / advisory/ntap-20180706-0002
Third Party Advisory
struts.apache.org / docs/s2-048.html
MitigationVendor Advisory
exploit-db.com / exploits/42324
Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
exploit-db.com / exploits/44643
Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
oracle.com / technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2017-9805-3889403.html
PatchThird Party Advisory
securityfocus.com / bid/99484
Broken LinkThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
securitytracker.com / id/1038838
Broken LinkThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry