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CVE-2016-4484

26
FAUCET Score

CVE-2016-4484 is a vulnerability in the Debian cryptsetup package (2:1.7.3-2 and earlier) that allows physically proximate attackers to gain root shell access during boot-up on LUKS-encrypted systems. This medium-severity vulnerability (CVSS 6.8) has a physical attack vector, low complexity, and can lead to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While not listed on the KEV catalog and lacking public exploit code in Metasploit, Nuclei, or ExploitDB, it garnered significant community discussion and media coverage at the time of its discovery.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
<= 2.1.7.3-2CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:cryptsetup_project:cryptsetup:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.0

6.8MEDIUM

CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
PHYSICAL
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
0.9
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.0

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
0.71%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
49.7%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-26
Model: v2026.06.15
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0071 is in the 88th percentile among its peer group of 1,531 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.1 Bluesky, 0.0 Mastodon, and 0.1 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.2 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.0 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Vendor Patches (2)

redhatend of lifevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6Fixed in: dracut
redhatend of lifevia redhat_api
Product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7Fixed in: dracut

Vendor Advisories (1)

redhatCVE-2016-4484Moderate

dracut: Brute force attack on LUKS password decryption via initramfs

Nov 14, 2016

References

hmarco.org / bugs/CVE-2016-4484/CVE-2016-4484_cryptsetup_initrd_shell.html
ExploitMitigationTechnical DescriptionThird Party Advisory
gitlab.com / cryptsetup/cryptsetup/commit/ef8a7d82d8d3716ae9b58179590f7908981fa0cb
Patch
openwall.com / lists/oss-security/2016/11/14/13
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
openwall.com / lists/oss-security/2016/11/15/1
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
openwall.com / lists/oss-security/2016/11/15/4
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
openwall.com / lists/oss-security/2016/11/16/6
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
securityfocus.com / bid/94315