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CVE-2016-2539

40
FAUCET Score

CVE-2016-2539 describes a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in ATutor versions prior to 2.2.2, specifically within the install_modules.php component. This flaw allows remote attackers to hijack authenticated user sessions, enabling them to upload arbitrary files and execute PHP code through a specially crafted zip file. With a CVSS v3 score of 8.8 (High), the vulnerability is easily exploitable over the network with low attack complexity, leading to high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While not actively exploited in the wild or listed in CISA's KEV catalog, public exploit code exists on ExploitDB, though there is minimal community discussion or media coverage surrounding this CVE.

Impacted Technologies

VendorProductVersion(s)CPE
<= 2.2.1CPE matchmatch criteria
cpe:2.3:a:atutor:atutor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS Data

CVSS version used by this source: 3.0

8.8HIGH

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
REQUIRED
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact
HIGH
Integrity Impact
HIGH
Availability Impact
HIGH
Exploitability Score
2.8
Impact Score
5.9
CvssVersion
3.0

Exploit Intelligence

EPSS Score
4.25%
Probability of exploitation in next 30 days
EPSS Percentile
90.0%
Percentile rank of EPSS score among Peer Group
As of 2026-07-24
Model: v2026.06.15
ExploitDB: EDB-39524 · Mar 7, 2016
This CVE's current EPSS score of 0.0425 is in the 90th percentile among its peer group of 14,825 CVEs.

Social Chatter

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.0 Twitter, 0.1 Reddit, 0.2 Bluesky, 0.1 Mastodon, and 0.2 GitHub mentions.

Media Mentions

No media coverage found for this CVE.

The average CVE in this peer group has 0.3 InfoSec Media, 0.0 Vendor Blog, and 0.1 Security Researcher mentions.

Remediation

Patch Available

Vendor Patches (1)

github_advisorypatch availablevia nvd_reference
View patch

References

github.com / atutor/ATutor/commit/bfc6c80c6c217c5515172f3cc949e13dfa1a92ac
PatchVendor Advisory
packetstormsecurity.com / files/136109/ATutor-LMS-2.2.1-CSRF-Remote-Code-Execution.html
ExploitPatchThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
exploit-db.com / exploits/39524